From the green growth perspective, energy prices, as one of economic instruments, show either positive or negative impact on consumption, demand, energy effectiveness, innovations, as well as the use of alternative fuels. Increment in electricity and gas prices indicates their growing shortage (and related distribution) as well as the effect of imposing charges on negative impacts of their consumption (e.g. greenhouse gases emissions) Typically, it is known that high-energy prices negatively impact the economic growth.
Over the period of 2005 to 2021, electricity price grew by approximately 24.7%, with a decrease 1.1 % between the years 2020 and 2021 (0.1668 EUR per kWh).
Increase in electricity prices has been due to a number of aspects, especially support of electricity production from RES (photovoltaic sources), increase of GDP from 19 % to 20 %, introducing a fee paid to National nuclear fund of burnt nuclear fuel and radioactive waste.
The same increasing trend has been recorded in the price of gas that over the monitored period of 2005 – 2021 grew by 40.2%, with a year-to-year decrease by 10.2% in 2021 and amounted to 11.41 EUR per GJ.